Reading the marks ٱلْحَرَكَات وَٱلْعَلَامَات

Before any rule: a fatḥa, kasra or ḍamma is one beat; a sukūn means the letter carries no vowel — you land on it closed (not silent — it is still pronounced); a shadda doubles a letter; tanwīn adds an n-sound at a word's end; a small alef, wāw or yāʾ signals a stretched vowel. Every rule that follows is triggered by one of these marks — learn to spot them and the rules become visible.

Uthmani script marks more than most texts: the little rounded zero means 'no madd here', the small high mīm before a bāʾ marks iqlāb. You will meet each as its rule arrives.